
Redis Patterns
FreeBest practices for using Redis in backend applications.
Free · Opens the source repo
What Redis Patterns does
Redis Patterns provides a comprehensive reference for implementing best practices with Redis in backend applications. It covers various data structures and their appropriate use cases, such as caching, session storage, rate limiting, and pub/sub messaging. This skill is particularly useful for developers and system architects who want to leverage Redis effectively in production environments.
The skill includes detailed explanations of core patterns such as Cache-Aside, Write-Through Cache, and Cache Invalidation, along with practical code examples in Python. It also addresses distributed locking mechanisms and rate limiting strategies, ensuring that users can manage concurrency and control access to resources efficiently. The provided Lua scripts and Python functions are designed to be easily integrated into existing applications, facilitating rapid implementation of these patterns.
Additionally, the skill outlines how to use Redis Streams for durable messaging and event processing, making it suitable for building scalable and responsive applications. By following the guidelines and examples in this skill, developers can enhance the performance and reliability of their applications while minimizing common pitfalls associated with Redis usage.
When to use it
Use this skill when you need to implement caching, rate limiting, or session management in your applications using Redis.
When not to use it
This skill may not be suitable for applications that do not utilize Redis or for users seeking advanced Redis configurations beyond the provided patterns.
What you can build with it
Implementing Caching
Use the Cache-Aside pattern to efficiently cache product data, reducing database load and improving response times.
Managing User Sessions
Utilize Redis for session storage, allowing quick access to user data and automatic expiration based on TTL.
Rate Limiting API Requests
Implement rate limiting using Redis to control the number of requests a user can make within a specified time window.
How to install Redis Patterns
View source1. Install with the skills CLI
npx skills add affaan-m/ecc/redis-patterns --agent claude-code2. Or install it manually
Download the skill folder and drop it into ~/.claude/skills/ for all projects, or .claude/skills/ to scope it to one repo. Restart Claude Code so it picks up the new skill.
Anthropic's agentic coding CLI, and the reference implementation of Agent Skills. Drop a skill folder into ~/.claude/skills and Claude Code loads it automatically whenever a task matches the skill's description. Claude Code docs
Inside SKILL.md
Written by affaan-mRedis Patterns
一般的なバックエンド使用例に対するRedisベストプラクティスの参考資料。
How It Works
Redisはメモリ内データ構造ストアで、文字列、ハッシュ、リスト、セット、ソート済みセット、ストリームなどをサポートします。単一インスタンスでは個々のRedisコマンドは原子的ですが、マルチステップワークフローはLuaスクリプト、MULTI/EXECトランザクション、または明示的な同期化が必要です。RDBスナップショットまたはAOFログを通じてデータをオプションで永続化します。クライアントはRESPプロトコルを使用してTCP経由で通信します。接続プール不可欠でリクエストごとのハンドシェイクオーバーヘッドを回避します。
When to Activate
- アプリケーションにキャッシング追加
- レート制限またはスロットリング実装
- 分散ロックまたはコーディネーション構築
- セッションまたはトークンストレージ設定
- Pub/SubまたはRedis Streams for messaging使用
- 本番環境でRedis設定(プール、削除、クラスタリング)
Data Structure Cheat Sheet
| Use Case | Structure | Example Key |
|---|---|---|
| Simple cache | String | product:123 |
| User session | Hash | session:abc |
| Leaderboard | Sorted Set | scores:weekly |
| Unique visitors | Set | visitors:2024-01-01 |
| Activity feed | List | feed:user:456 |
| Event stream | Stream | events:orders |
| Counters / rate limits | String (INCR) | ratelimit:user:123 |
| Bloom filter / HLL | HyperLogLog | hll:pageviews |
Core Patterns
Cache-Aside (Lazy Loading)
import redis
import json
r = redis.Redis(host='localhost', port=6379, decode_responses=True)
def get_product(product_id: int):
cache_key = f"product:{product_id}"
cached = r.get(cache_key)
if cached:
return json.loads(cached)
product = db.query("SELECT * FROM products WHERE id = %s", product_id)
r.setex(cache_key, 3600, json.dumps(product)) # TTL: 1 hour
return product
Write-Through Cache
def update_product(product_id: int, data: dict):
# DB書き込み先
db.execute("UPDATE products SET ... WHERE id = %s", product_id)
# キャッシュを即座に更新
cache_key = f"product:{product_id}"
r.setex(cache_key, 3600, json.dumps(data))
Cache Invalidation
# タグベース削除 — セット内で関連キーをグループ化
def cache_product(product_id: int, category_id: int, data: dict):
key = f"product:{product_id}"
tag = f"tag:category:{category_id}"
pipe = r.pipeline(transaction=True)
pipe.setex(key, 3600, json.dumps(data))
pipe.sadd(tag, key)
pipe.expire(tag, 3600)
pipe.execute()
def invalidate_category(category_id: int):
tag = f"tag:category:{category_id}"
keys = r.smembers(tag)
if keys:
r.delete(*keys)
r.delete(tag)
Session Storage
import time
import uuid
def create_session(user_id: int, ttl: int = 86400) -> str:
session_id = str(uuid.uuid4())
key = f"session:{session_id}"
pipe = r.pipeline(transaction=True)
pipe.hset(key, mapping={
"user_id": user_id,
"created_at": int(time.time()),
})
pipe.expire(key, ttl)
pipe.execute()
return session_id
def get_session(session_id: str) -> dict | None:
data = r.hgetall(f"session:{session_id}")
return data if data else None
def delete_session(session_id: str):
r.delete(f"session:{session_id}")
Rate Limiting
Fixed Window (Simple)
def is_rate_limited(user_id: int, limit: int = 100, window: int = 60) -> bool:
key = f"ratelimit:{user_id}:{int(time.time()) // window}"
pipe = r.pipeline(transaction=True)
pipe.incr(key)
pipe.expire(key, window)
count, _ = pipe.execute()
return count > limit
Sliding Window (Lua — Atomic)
-- sliding_window.lua
local key = KEYS[1]
local now = tonumber(ARGV[1])
local window = tonumber(ARGV[2])
local limit = tonumber(ARGV[3])
redis.call('ZREMRANGEBYSCORE', key, 0, now - window)
local count = redis.call('ZCARD', key)
if count < limit then
-- Use unique member (now + sequence) to avoid collisions within the same millisecond
local seq_key = key .. ':seq'
local seq = redis.call('INCR', seq_key)
redis.call('EXPIRE', seq_key, math.ceil(window / 1000))
redis.call('ZADD', key, now, now .. '-' .. seq)
redis.call('EXPIRE', key, math.ceil(window / 1000))
return 1
end
return 0
sliding_window = r.register_script(open('sliding_window.lua').read())
def allow_request(user_id: int) -> bool:
key = f"ratelimit:sliding:{user_id}"
now = int(time.time() * 1000)
return bool(sliding_window(keys=[key], args=[now, 60000, 100]))
Distributed Locks
Distributed Lock (Single Node — SET NX PX)
import uuid
def acquire_lock(resource: str, ttl_ms: int = 5000) -> str | None:
lock_key = f"lock:{resource}"
token = str(uuid.uuid4())
acquired = r.set(lock_key, token, px=ttl_ms, nx=True)
return token if acquired else None
def release_lock(resource: str, token: str) -> bool:
release_script = """
if redis.call('get', KEYS[1]) == ARGV[1] then
return redis.call('del', KEYS[1])
else
return 0
end
"""
result = r.eval(release_script, 1, f"lock:{resource}", token)
return bool(result)
# Usage
token = acquire_lock("order:payment:123")
if token:
try:
process_payment()
finally:
release_lock("order:payment:123", token)
マルチノード設定の場合、フルRedlockアルゴリズムを実装する
redlock-pyライブラリを使用してください。
Pub/Sub & Streams
Pub/Sub (Fire-and-Forget)
# Publisher
def publish_event(channel: str, payload: dict):
r.publish(channel, json.dumps(payload))
# Subscriber (blocking — run in separate thread/process)
def subscribe_events(channel: str):
pubsub = r.pubsub()
pubsub.subscribe(channel)
for message in pubsub.listen():
if message['type'] == 'message':
handle(json.loads(message['data']))
Redis Streams (Durable Queue)
# Producer
def emit(stream: str, event: dict):
r.xadd(stream, event, maxlen=10000) # Cap stream length
# Consumer group — guarantees at-least-once delivery
try:
r.xgroup_create('events:orders', 'processor', id='0', mkstream=True)
except Exception:
pass # Group already exists
def consume(stream: str, group: str, consumer: str):
while True:
messages = r.xreadgroup(group, consumer, {stream: '>'}, count=10, block=2000)
for _, entries in (messages or []):
for msg_id, data in entries:
process(data)
r.xack(stream, group, msg_id)
配信保証、コンシューマーグループ、または再生が必要な場合、Pub/Sub代わりにStreamsを優先してください。
Key Design
Naming Conventions
# Pattern: resource:id:field
user:123:profile
order:456:status
cache:product:789
# Pattern: namespace:resource:id
myapp:session:abc123
myapp:ratelimit:user:123
# Pattern: resource:date (time-bound keys)
stats:pageviews:2024-01-01
TTL Strategy
| Data Type | Suggested TTL |
|---|---|
| User session | 24h (86400) |
| API response cache | 5–15 min |
| Rate limit window | Match window size |
| Short-lived tokens | 5–10 min |
| Leaderboard | 1h–24h |
| Static/reference data | 1h–1 week |
常にTTLを設定してください。TTLなしのキーは無限に蓄積してメモリ圧力を引き起こします。
Connection Management
Connection Pooling
from redis import ConnectionPool, Redis
pool = ConnectionPool(
host='localhost',
port=6379,
db=0,
max_connections=20,
decode_responses=True,
socket_connect_timeout=2,
socket_timeout=2,
)
r = Redis(connection_pool=pool)
Cluster Mode
from redis.cluster import RedisCluster
r = RedisCluster(
startup_nodes=[{"host": "redis-1", "port": 6379}],
decode_responses=True,
skip_full_coverage_check=True,
)
Sentinel (High Availability)
from redis.sentinel import Sentinel
sentinel = Sentinel(
[('sentinel-1', 26379), ('sentinel-2', 26379)],
socket_timeout=0.5,
)
master = sentinel.master_for('mymaster', decode_responses=True)
replica = sentinel.slave_for('mymaster', decode_responses=True)
Eviction Policies
| Policy | Behavior | Best For |
|---|---|---|
noeviction | Error on write when full | Queues / critical data |
allkeys-lru | Evict least recently used | General cache |
volatile-lru | LRU only among keys with TTL | Mixed data store |
allkeys-lfu | Evict least frequently used | Skewed access patterns |
volatile-ttl | Evict soonest-to-expire | Prioritize long-lived data |
redis.confを通じて設定:maxmemory-policy allkeys-lru
Anti-Patterns
| Anti-Pattern | Problem | Fix |
|---|---|---|
| Keys with no TTL | Memory grows unbounded | Always set TTL |
KEYS * in production | Blocks the server (O(N)) | Use SCAN cursor |
| Storing large blobs (>100KB) | Slow serialization, memory pressure | Store reference + fetch from object store |
| Single Redis for everything | No isolation between cache & queue | Use separate DBs or instances |
| Ignoring connection pool limits | Connection exhaustion under load | Size pool to workload |
| Not handling cache miss stampede | Thundering herd on cold start | Use locks or probabilistic early expiry |
FLUSHALL without thought | Wipes entire instance | Scope deletes by key pattern |
Cache Miss Stampede Prevention
import threading
_locks: dict[str, threading.Lock] = {}
_locks_mutex = threading.Lock()
def get_with_lock(key: str, fetch_fn, ttl: int = 300):
cached = r.get(key)
if cached:
return json.loads(cached)
with _locks_mutex:
if key not in _locks:
_locks[key] = threading.Lock()
lock = _locks[key]
with lock:
cached = r.get(key) # Re-check after acquiring lock
if cached:
return json.loads(cached)
value = fetch_fn()
r.setex(key, ttl, json.dumps(value))
return value
マルチプロセスデプロイメント:インプロセスロックを上記の分散ロックセクション から
acquire_lock/release_lockに置き換えてください。
Examples
Django/Flask APIエンドポイントにキャッシング追加: レスポンスに5分TTLでCache-asideを使用。リクエストパラメータでキーを指定。
ユーザーごとにAPIレート制限:
低トラフィックエンドポイントに固定ウィンドウを pipeline(transaction=True) で使用;正確なユーザーごと制限にはsliding-windowの Lua使用。
ワーカー間のバックグラウンドジョブ調整:
予想ジョブ期間を超えるTTLで acquire_lock を使用。常に finally ブロックでリリース。
複数購読者への通知のファンアウト: ファイアアンドフォーゲットにPub/Subを使用。保証配信または再生が必要な場合、Streamsに切り替え。
Quick Reference
| Pattern | When to Use |
|---|---|
| Cache-aside | Read-heavy, tolerate slight staleness |
| Write-through | Strong consistency required |
| Distributed lock | Prevent concurrent access to a resource |
| Sliding window rate limit | Accurate per-user throttling |
| Redis Streams | Durable event queue with consumer groups |
| Pub/Sub | Broadcast with no delivery guarantees needed |
| Sorted Set leaderboard | Ranked scoring, pagination |
| HyperLogLog | Approximate unique count at low memory |
Related
- Skill:
postgres-patterns— リレーショナルデータパターン - Skill:
backend-patterns— APIおよびサービスレイヤーパターン - Skill:
database-migrations— スキーマバージョニング - Skill:
django-patterns— Djangoキャッシュフレームワーク統合 - Agent:
database-reviewer— 全データベースレビューワークフロー
Frequently asked questions about Redis Patterns
Similar skills
Python PyPI Package Builder
Streamline the process of creating and publishing Python packages.
Minecraft Plugin Development
Streamline your Minecraft server plugin creation.
MCP Server Builder
Easily build .NET MCP servers with the latest standards.
CommunityToolkit.Mvvm Messenger
Decoupled communication for ViewModels in .NET applications.
MVVM Toolkit DI
Streamline ViewModel integration with Dependency Injection in .NET.
MCP Apps Builder
Essential guidelines for MCP server development.
