
Deployment Patterns
FreeStreamline your CI/CD workflows and Docker deployments.
Free · Opens the source repo
What Deployment Patterns does
The Deployment Patterns skill provides a comprehensive guide to implementing effective deployment workflows and best practices for continuous integration and continuous delivery (CI/CD). This skill is designed for developers and DevOps engineers looking to enhance their deployment strategies, whether they are working with web applications or microservices. It covers essential deployment strategies such as rolling, blue-green, and canary deployments, allowing users to select the most suitable approach based on their specific needs and infrastructure.
In addition to deployment strategies, this skill offers practical insights into Docker containerization. It includes multi-stage Dockerfile examples for Node.js, Go, and Python/Django applications, demonstrating how to create efficient and secure Docker images. Users will learn best practices for Docker, including the importance of using specific version tags, minimizing image sizes, and implementing health checks. These practices help ensure that applications are robust and ready for production environments.
The skill also outlines how to set up CI/CD pipelines using GitHub Actions, providing a standard workflow for automating testing and deployment processes. This includes steps for running tests, building Docker images, and deploying applications, which can significantly reduce the time and effort required for manual deployment tasks. By leveraging these patterns and practices, teams can achieve higher reliability and faster release cycles.
Overall, the Deployment Patterns skill is an essential resource for anyone involved in software development and deployment, enabling them to adopt modern practices that enhance productivity and application stability.
When to use it
Use this skill when setting up CI/CD pipelines, containerizing applications, or planning deployment strategies for web applications.
When not to use it
This skill may not be suitable for very simple applications that do not require advanced deployment strategies or for teams not using CI/CD practices.
What you can build with it
Setting Up a CI/CD Pipeline
Use this skill to configure a CI/CD pipeline for your web application, automating testing and deployment processes.
Implementing Health Checks
Learn how to implement health checks and readiness probes in your Docker containers to ensure application reliability.
Choosing a Deployment Strategy
Refer to this skill when deciding between rolling, blue-green, or canary deployments based on your application's needs.
How to install Deployment Patterns
View source1. Install with the skills CLI
npx skills add affaan-m/ecc/deployment-patterns --agent claude-code2. Or install it manually
Download the skill folder and drop it into ~/.claude/skills/ for all projects, or .claude/skills/ to scope it to one repo. Restart Claude Code so it picks up the new skill.
Anthropic's agentic coding CLI, and the reference implementation of Agent Skills. Drop a skill folder into ~/.claude/skills and Claude Code loads it automatically whenever a task matches the skill's description. Claude Code docs
Inside SKILL.md
Written by affaan-mPatrones de Despliegue
Flujos de trabajo de despliegue en producción y buenas prácticas de CI/CD.
Cuándo Activar
- Configurar pipelines de CI/CD
- Contenedorizar una aplicación con Docker
- Planificar estrategia de despliegue (blue-green, canary, rolling)
- Implementar health checks y readiness probes
- Preparar un lanzamiento a producción
- Configurar ajustes específicos por entorno
Estrategias de Despliegue
Rolling Deployment (Por Defecto)
Reemplazar instancias gradualmente — las versiones vieja y nueva se ejecutan simultáneamente durante el despliegue.
Instancia 1: v1 → v2 (actualizar primero)
Instancia 2: v1 (aún ejecutando v1)
Instancia 3: v1 (aún ejecutando v1)
Instancia 1: v2
Instancia 2: v1 → v2 (actualizar segundo)
Instancia 3: v1
Instancia 1: v2
Instancia 2: v2
Instancia 3: v1 → v2 (actualizar último)
Pros: Zero downtime, despliegue gradual Contras: Dos versiones se ejecutan simultáneamente — requiere cambios compatibles hacia atrás Usar cuando: Despliegues estándar, cambios compatibles hacia atrás
Blue-Green Deployment
Ejecutar dos entornos idénticos. Cambiar el tráfico de forma atómica.
Blue (v1) ← tráfico
Green (v2) inactivo, ejecutando nueva versión
# Después de la verificación:
Blue (v1) inactivo (se convierte en standby)
Green (v2) ← tráfico
Pros: Rollback instantáneo (cambiar de vuelta a blue), corte limpio Contras: Requiere 2x infraestructura durante el despliegue Usar cuando: Servicios críticos, tolerancia cero a problemas
Canary Deployment
Enrutar un pequeño porcentaje del tráfico a la nueva versión primero.
v1: 95% del tráfico
v2: 5% del tráfico (canary)
# Si las métricas se ven bien:
v1: 50% del tráfico
v2: 50% del tráfico
# Final:
v2: 100% del tráfico
Pros: Detecta problemas con tráfico real antes del despliegue completo Contras: Requiere infraestructura de división de tráfico, monitoreo Usar cuando: Servicios de alto tráfico, cambios arriesgados, feature flags
Docker
Dockerfile Multi-Stage (Node.js)
# Etapa 1: Instalar dependencias
FROM node:22-alpine AS deps
WORKDIR /app
COPY package.json package-lock.json ./
RUN npm ci --production=false
# Etapa 2: Build
FROM node:22-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY --from=deps /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY . .
RUN npm run build
RUN npm prune --production
# Etapa 3: Imagen de producción
FROM node:22-alpine AS runner
WORKDIR /app
RUN addgroup -g 1001 -S appgroup && adduser -S appuser -u 1001
USER appuser
COPY --from=builder --chown=appuser:appgroup /app/node_modules ./node_modules
COPY --from=builder --chown=appuser:appgroup /app/dist ./dist
COPY --from=builder --chown=appuser:appgroup /app/package.json ./
ENV NODE_ENV=production
EXPOSE 3000
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s --start-period=5s --retries=3 \
CMD wget --no-verbose --tries=1 --spider http://localhost:3000/health || exit 1
CMD ["node", "dist/server.js"]
Dockerfile Multi-Stage (Go)
FROM golang:1.22-alpine AS builder
WORKDIR /app
COPY go.mod go.sum ./
RUN go mod download
COPY . .
RUN CGO_ENABLED=0 GOOS=linux go build -ldflags="-s -w" -o /server ./cmd/server
FROM alpine:3.19 AS runner
RUN apk --no-cache add ca-certificates
RUN adduser -D -u 1001 appuser
USER appuser
COPY --from=builder /server /server
EXPOSE 8080
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s CMD wget -qO- http://localhost:8080/health || exit 1
CMD ["/server"]
Dockerfile Multi-Stage (Python/Django)
FROM python:3.12-slim AS builder
WORKDIR /app
RUN pip install --no-cache-dir uv
COPY requirements.txt .
RUN uv pip install --system --no-cache -r requirements.txt
FROM python:3.12-slim AS runner
WORKDIR /app
RUN useradd -r -u 1001 appuser
USER appuser
COPY --from=builder /usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages /usr/local/lib/python3.12/site-packages
COPY --from=builder /usr/local/bin /usr/local/bin
COPY . .
ENV PYTHONUNBUFFERED=1
EXPOSE 8000
HEALTHCHECK --interval=30s --timeout=3s CMD python -c "import urllib.request; urllib.request.urlopen('http://localhost:8000/health/')" || exit 1
CMD ["gunicorn", "config.wsgi:application", "--bind", "0.0.0.0:8000", "--workers", "4"]
Buenas Prácticas de Docker
# Buenas prácticas
- Usar etiquetas de versión específicas (node:22-alpine, no node:latest)
- Builds multi-stage para minimizar el tamaño de imagen
- Ejecutar como usuario no-root
- Copiar archivos de dependencias primero (cache de capas)
- Usar .dockerignore para excluir node_modules, .git, tests
- Agregar instrucción HEALTHCHECK
- Establecer límites de recursos en docker-compose o k8s
# Malas prácticas
- Ejecutar como root
- Usar etiquetas :latest
- Copiar todo el repositorio en una sola capa COPY
- Instalar dependencias de desarrollo en imagen de producción
- Almacenar secretos en la imagen (usar variables de entorno o gestor de secretos)
Pipeline CI/CD
GitHub Actions (Pipeline Estándar)
name: CI/CD
on:
push:
branches: [main]
pull_request:
branches: [main]
jobs:
test:
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: actions/setup-node@v4
with:
node-version: 22
cache: npm
- run: npm ci
- run: npm run lint
- run: npm run typecheck
- run: npm test -- --coverage
- uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
if: always()
with:
name: coverage
path: coverage/
build:
needs: test
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
steps:
- uses: actions/checkout@v4
- uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@v3
- uses: docker/login-action@v3
with:
registry: ghcr.io
username: ${{ github.actor }}
password: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}
- uses: docker/build-push-action@v5
with:
push: true
tags: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }}
cache-from: type=gha
cache-to: type=gha,mode=max
deploy:
needs: build
runs-on: ubuntu-latest
if: github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
environment: production
steps:
- name: Deploy to production
run: |
# Comando de despliegue específico de plataforma
# Railway: railway up
# Vercel: vercel --prod
# K8s: kubectl set image deployment/app app=ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}:${{ github.sha }}
echo "Deploying ${{ github.sha }}"
Etapas del Pipeline
PR abierto:
lint → typecheck → pruebas unitarias → pruebas de integración → despliegue preview
Merge a main:
lint → typecheck → pruebas unitarias → pruebas de integración → build imagen → desplegar staging → smoke tests → desplegar producción
Health Checks
Endpoint de Health Check
// Health check simple
app.get("/health", (req, res) => {
res.status(200).json({ status: "ok" });
});
// Health check detallado (para monitoreo interno)
app.get("/health/detailed", async (req, res) => {
const checks = {
database: await checkDatabase(),
redis: await checkRedis(),
externalApi: await checkExternalApi(),
};
const allHealthy = Object.values(checks).every(c => c.status === "ok");
res.status(allHealthy ? 200 : 503).json({
status: allHealthy ? "ok" : "degraded",
timestamp: new Date().toISOString(),
version: process.env.APP_VERSION || "unknown",
uptime: process.uptime(),
checks,
});
});
async function checkDatabase(): Promise<HealthCheck> {
try {
await db.query("SELECT 1");
return { status: "ok", latency_ms: 2 };
} catch (err) {
return { status: "error", message: "Database unreachable" };
}
}
Probes de Kubernetes
livenessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 3000
initialDelaySeconds: 10
periodSeconds: 30
failureThreshold: 3
readinessProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 3000
initialDelaySeconds: 5
periodSeconds: 10
failureThreshold: 2
startupProbe:
httpGet:
path: /health
port: 3000
initialDelaySeconds: 0
periodSeconds: 5
failureThreshold: 30 # 30 * 5s = 150s tiempo máximo de inicio
Configuración de Entorno
Patrón Twelve-Factor App
# Toda la configuración mediante variables de entorno — nunca en el código
DATABASE_URL=postgres://user:pass@host:5432/db
REDIS_URL=redis://host:6379/0
API_KEY=${API_KEY} # inyectado por el gestor de secretos
LOG_LEVEL=info
PORT=3000
# Comportamiento específico por entorno
NODE_ENV=production # o staging, development
APP_ENV=production # entorno de app explícito
Validación de Configuración
import { z } from "zod";
const envSchema = z.object({
NODE_ENV: z.enum(["development", "staging", "production"]),
PORT: z.coerce.number().default(3000),
DATABASE_URL: z.string().url(),
REDIS_URL: z.string().url(),
JWT_SECRET: z.string().min(32),
LOG_LEVEL: z.enum(["debug", "info", "warn", "error"]).default("info"),
});
// Validar al inicio — fallar rápido si la configuración es incorrecta
export const env = envSchema.parse(process.env);
Estrategia de Rollback
Rollback Instantáneo
# Docker/Kubernetes: apuntar a imagen anterior
kubectl rollout undo deployment/app
# Vercel: promover despliegue anterior
vercel rollback
# Railway: volver a desplegar commit anterior
railway up --commit <previous-sha>
# Base de datos: revertir migración (si es reversible)
npx prisma migrate resolve --rolled-back <migration-name>
Lista de Verificación de Rollback
- La imagen/artefacto anterior está disponible y etiquetado
- Las migraciones de base de datos son compatibles hacia atrás (sin cambios destructivos)
- Los feature flags pueden deshabilitar nuevas funciones sin despliegue
- Alertas de monitoreo configuradas para picos de tasa de error
- Rollback probado en staging antes del lanzamiento a producción
Lista de Verificación de Preparación para Producción
Antes de cualquier despliegue a producción:
Aplicación
- Todas las pruebas pasan (unitarias, integración, E2E)
- Sin secretos hardcodeados en código o archivos de configuración
- El manejo de errores cubre todos los casos límite
- El logging es estructurado (JSON) y no contiene PII
- El endpoint de health check retorna estado significativo
Infraestructura
- La imagen Docker se construye de forma reproducible (versiones fijadas)
- Las variables de entorno están documentadas y validadas al inicio
- Límites de recursos establecidos (CPU, memoria)
- Escalado horizontal configurado (instancias mín/máx)
- SSL/TLS habilitado en todos los endpoints
Monitoreo
- Métricas de aplicación exportadas (tasa de requests, latencia, errores)
- Alertas configuradas para tasa de error > umbral
- Agregación de logs configurada (logs estructurados, con búsqueda)
- Monitoreo de uptime en endpoint de health
Seguridad
- Dependencias escaneadas en busca de CVEs
- CORS configurado solo para orígenes permitidos
- Rate limiting habilitado en endpoints públicos
- Autenticación y autorización verificadas
- Headers de seguridad establecidos (CSP, HSTS, X-Frame-Options)
Operaciones
- Plan de rollback documentado y probado
- Migración de base de datos probada contra datos de tamaño de producción
- Runbook para escenarios de fallo comunes
- Rotación de on-call y ruta de escalación definida
Frequently asked questions about Deployment Patterns
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